Types of paints for furniture, their properties and principles of application

If you have furniture that requires restoration, be it a table, chest of drawers, wardrobe, chairs, or you just want to paint windows, floors, maybe other wood products, then you will need wood paint. And for interior work, a special paint is needed that does not smell and dries in a short time, so as not to create discomfort for family members. In addition, update the old interior, making it extraordinary, adding a certain charm to the environment. If you purchased unfinished furniture, give it a makeover by using wood paint.

Choosing paint for wood furniture for interior or exterior use

What it is

For an apartment you need paint that dries quickly and is odorless

Currently, there are a variety of types of paint and varnish products in stores; they are divided according to external characteristics and area of ​​use. In addition to paint and varnish products, there are various impregnations and primers for the front part of wooden products. Their correct selection and application make it possible to obtain a long-lasting and thorough coating. Note that this result is virtually impossible to achieve with ordinary or painstaking staining.

The primer composition ensures penetration into the structure of the material and its strengthening

Manufacturers produce, in addition to the main products, related materials - primers and leveling mixtures. Products must come with instructions that tell you how to prepare the surface before final painting. It happens that the tables list products specifically designed for priming.

Externally, paints are divided into the following types:

1. Products with a transparent structure - varnish, glaze, impregnation agents. The fact that they contain different pigments allows you to emphasize the natural structure of the wood. These products have good vapor permeability, which is why the liquid from the treated material evaporates easily. Typically, such coatings have substances that protect against ultraviolet rays. Therefore, the tree does not deteriorate in the sun, and its service life increases. Secondary treatment is carried out after a couple of years, and the initial layer does not require removal.

   
   Environmentally friendly wood protection products

2. Acrylic dispersion paints. Such coatings are widely used in repair work. Acrylates and their derivatives serve as a binder, and water is used as a solvent. The surface treated with this type of coating is reliably protected from external influences, does not fade, is moisture resistant, the liquid evaporates easily, which allows the wood to “breathe”. After painting, a film is formed, and moisture evaporates, making the material resistant to frost.

   
   Acrylic water-dispersion paint for interior work

On a note. Do not allow acrylic paint to freeze, this will render it unusable or most of its properties will be lost.

1. When odorless wood furniture paints, using water as a solvent, began to be produced, conventional paints and varnishes became less in demand. But this does not mean that they stopped buying them. They are also used in repair work due to the quality of the coating, and they are simple and easy to use. There are several important disadvantages: they are toxic and flammable. Of the opaque enamels, which use organic solvents as a base, alkyd, vinyl chloride and polyurethane are in wide demand.

   
   Universal waterproof alkyd enamel for interior and exterior use

   
   Oil-based compounds have high-quality adhesion to wood, but surfaces painted with these compounds become non-breathable

Let's see what is included in the paints:

Acrylic	Acrylic resins are used as a basis; when dry, the paint darkens. Their advantages: odorless, dry quickly, resistant to abrasives, moisture, and ultraviolet radiation. Ideal for matte and semi-matte surfaces. Suitable for all types of work
Water-based	The structure includes aqueous emulsions of polymers. Eco-friendly, wide range of colors, vapor permeable, suitable for many surfaces. They are not durable and stains appear over time. The best option is a water-based emulsion based on acrylic resins. If you add latex, it becomes moisture resistant. The surface treated with this paint can be washed frequently.
Silicone	The base consists of special silicone resins. They are considered the best, so their price is quite high. Vapor permeable, but do not get wet. Due to the fact that carbon dioxide passes through, they harden easily and are elastic.

Variety of water-based paints

TEX products

TEX materials are suitable for all types of wood. We suggest purchasing the following formulations.

Enamel for wood and metal “Profi”. Great for interior and exterior painting, painting furniture, houses and so on. Dust drying time is approximately 6–8 hours. The coating will be durable (up to 8 years). The composition itself has virtually no odor during operation.

Heavy-duty parquet ECO-VARNISH BIOTEKS. The material is water-borne and wear-resistant. It has an acrylic base. The furniture product can be fully used 12 hours after painting. If you follow the manufacturer's recommendations, consumption will be economical.

The choice of coating for pine and its application should be treated very carefully, since this furniture is sensitive to mechanical stress and other environmental factors. However, with high-quality processing, furniture made from this wood can last for many years. If you have questions on this topic, you can contact our specialist. He will help you choose the best option and also explain the nuances of the work.

Advantages of acrylic paint

Safe acrylic paint suitable for wood furniture

Acrylic paints are in wide demand, and for good reason - they have a lot of advantages.

• They have excellent adhesion to wood.
• Antiseptic substances are added to many types of such paints to prevent the formation of fungus and mold, thereby increasing the service life of wood products, as well as water- and dirt-repellent additives, which greatly simplifies the care of painted furniture.
• A rich range of colors allows you to realize any design idea.

  
  Variety of colors of acrylic paints

• All components are environmentally friendly, so the paint is used in children's rooms, living quarters, offices, after painting it is non-toxic and does not smell.
• Fireproof, so it can be used everywhere. The product dries quickly, the next layer can be applied after 2-3 hours. The tools used for painting can be easily washed in water.
• Paints have a long service life (more than 10 years). They do not change when exposed to external factors.

Super durable acrylic paint for wood

Features of work

Chipboard is a material that perfectly replaces wood. Knowing its properties will help explain how to paint chipboard furniture. So here they are:

1. Strength - when external forces act on the chipboard, tension arises inside it, counteracting the process of destruction. The limit of this property in tension is up to 0.5 MPa, in bending – up to 25 MPa. The strength of the material is due to the uniformity of its structure;
2. Ease of processing - despite its significant density, chipboard lends itself well to cutting, milling, sanding, gluing and painting;
3. Moisture content – ​​even after drying, chipboard retains an average of 8% moisture. So the right color can seal out moisture and extend the life of the slabs;
4. Moisture resistance is slightly lower than wood slabs, but high-quality slabs can easily withstand the humid air of bathrooms. This quality also depends on what material they are lined with. Chipboard coated with plastic has the best moisture resistance;
5. Fire resistance - particle boards are able to restrain the spread of fire and maintain basic qualities in the event of a fire. To increase fire resistance, this material is impregnated with compounds containing fire retardants. Good non-flammable paint can also enhance this property of the material.

Latex-based water-based paint

Latex paint penetrates deep into the structure of the wooden surface and creates a waterproof film

Most people are sure that it is possible to paint a wooden surface with high quality using oil paint. But it has a strong smell, which can cause some harm to health. Not many people know that a similar effect can be achieved using latex-based aqua emulsion. It easily seeps into the wood and forms a moisture-proof film. This is how water-based paint forms a coating that can be easily washed - just wipe with a wet cloth.

An undoubted advantage of this paint is that the applied layer allows air to pass through during drying, which prevents the formation of bubbles on the surface. One of the disadvantages is that cracks may appear at low temperatures. In this case, it is better not to paint furniture located in a room that is repeatedly ventilated during the cold season.

Water-based washable latex paint

Purpose of paints and varnishes for furniture

Furniture painting products are used for the following purposes:

• restoration of antiques, masking defects, refreshing old coatings;
• decorating new products, implementing unique design ideas;
• increasing service life;
• protecting product surfaces from the influence of unfavorable factors: unacceptable humidity levels, too high or, conversely, low temperatures, mechanical damage, direct sunlight.

Furniture paints are used in conjunction with related products. These are primers, impregnations, wax fillers for scratches, tinting pastes.

Silicone water-based paint

Silicone water-based paint is considered one of the most durable coatings that does not have a strong odor

This kind of coating is made on the basis of acrylic copolymer and silicone, with the help of which this paint, when compared with latex and acrylic, has the following properties:

• does not wash out for a long time, is moisture resistant;
• allows water vapor to pass through;
• has elasticity;
• resistant to fungus and mold;
• does not turn yellow over time;
• not subject to cracking and swelling;
• Resistant to stains.

Silicone water-based coating is the most durable coating, there is no pungent odor. In most cases, this paint is used to paint the front part of buildings, but furniture is also painted to increase their service life, especially if they are located in rooms with high humidity. A significant drawback of such paint is its significant price equivalent; given its high quality and durability, all these costs will subsequently be justified.

Silicone based facade paint

Step-by-step instruction

Having decided what paint the furniture will be treated with, perform the following steps:

1. Remove the old coating. To do this, use car wash, which is applied with a brush to the entire surface. Corners and other hard-to-reach places are treated especially carefully. Leave the composition until dry, then remove the paint with a spatula.
2. Scrape off any remaining coating with a wire brush. Treat the surfaces with sandpaper. A grinder helps speed up the work. After treatment, the wood is wiped with a damp cloth to remove dust.
3. Cracks and unevenness are filled with putty. After this, grout is applied and the base is primed. Smooth surfaces do not require such preparation.
4. The furniture begins to be painted from the sides. You need to paint quickly, otherwise there will be streaks or streaks. Having processed the sides, move on to larger surfaces. The paint is applied with a roller or wide brush.
5. Dry the layer for half an hour. At this time, the container with the composition is closed, the brush is wrapped in plastic wrap. Inspect painted surfaces for defects.
6. Apply the second layer in the same way. If the paint shade is uniform, the work is completed. Less often, the formation of a third layer is required. To obtain gloss, furniture can be coated with a finishing varnish.

How to choose a manufacturer

It is best to give preference to products from well-known manufacturers

When choosing a paint, you should not forget that you need to adhere to the best match between properties and cost. There is no need to purchase a cheap product so that you don’t have to redo everything later. It is best to buy coating products from manufacturers whose products have many good reviews. The Russian market offers high-quality, odorless paints for wood furniture. The most popular brands are: “Teknos”, “Dulux”, “Tikkurila”, “Leningrad Paints”.

Teknos paints for various surfaces

Drawing a conclusion from the above, we can state that it is best to paint wooden furniture indoors with an odorless product. Water emulsions made from natural ingredients are suitable for this, but the ideal option is silicone, acrylic, latex. The choice is yours, but when going to the store to buy a coating, choose products from reputable manufacturers.

Organic-based impregnation for interior work on wooden surfaces from Dulux

Some nuances of choice

The problem of choosing wood paint is especially acute when updating the surface of furniture. Many have heard about special types, but most citizens, when starting to renovate an apartment, do not know the specific features of choosing furniture paints, considering their main characteristic to be the absence of a residual, prolonged odor.

When choosing paint to refinish wooden furniture, you should pay attention to the following factors:

• operating conditions for furniture products - when painting bathroom furniture, you will have to use moisture-resistant paints, while the paint layer of items located in the kitchen should not absorb foreign odors and withstand temperature changes;
• the type of wood that affects the absorption of the paint composition - as a rule, furniture made from coniferous wood requires the application of several layers, while the surfaces of furniture made of beech, birch or maple, with appropriate preparation, can be painted once;
• the possibility of re-applying a paint layer and the requirements for multi-layer painting;
• methods and technologies for preliminary preparation of wood surfaces for painting;
• the paint is odorless, which allows you to use it even if you are in the room with the product being processed for a long time;
• compatibility of the new paint composition with previous coatings.

Modern wood paints intended for furniture can be divided into the following groups:

• transparent, which include:
• protective glaze;
• transparent varnish dyes;
• impregnating compositions;
• opaque enamel paints;
• dispersion dyes.

On a note!

The choice of one or another coloring agent depends primarily on the operating conditions and the condition of the wooden surface.

To obtain an even, durable and shiny surface layer, enamel paints are most widely used. Obtaining a matte surface is achieved by using oil dyes. Transparent varnishes are used when it is necessary to preserve the structure of the wood, and to emphasize the pattern or make the wooden surface more decorative, colored varnishes are used or the surface to be painted is pre-treated with impregnating compounds - stains.