DIY sofa mechanism repair book step-by-step instructions

Types and types of mechanisms

Today, furniture production has a large number of types and types of mechanisms. The photo below shows only some of them (the most common):

Click-clack

The click-clack mechanism has three positions, one for lying down and two for sitting. Usually installed on modern lamella-type models.

Meralax

Meralax is one of the reliable French clamshell layout mechanisms. It has an orthopedic effect in two versions - lamella and metal weaving.

Dolphin

The “dolphin” mechanism is exactly the option that combines compactness and convenience. The seat is attached to the side parts of the frame, pulling the mechanism out of the niche “towards you” to the upper horizontal position by the transverse bar and we get a full-fledged sleeping place.

This is the simplest of all existing mechanisms. When made of high quality, it is stable and durable, but, as a rule, the metal from which it is made leaves much to be desired.

Accordion

The “accordion” mechanism is one of the most popular mechanisms for transforming sofas; it has three layout positions.
One part is fixed, the other two have moving parts that are secured with locks.

Now it is installed mainly on modern models of upholstered furniture.

The most common mechanism is installed on a sofa book. It is quite simple in layout and has a number of advantages over other models. The entire structure is made of thick metal and high-quality rivets.

You can also familiarize yourself with other types of sofa transformation mechanisms in the article Review of sofa transformation mechanisms.

The models presented in the photo have their own individual characteristics. Here, not only the angle of inclination plays a role, affecting the lowering and raising of the weight, but also the material from which they are made.

Many manufacturers use thin-walled metal and very low quality rivets for these mechanisms, which is why the furniture becomes unusable in a very short time.

If it is not possible to replace broken mechanisms with new ones, you can make repairs at home. Of course, it won’t always be possible to do everything as it should, but it is quite possible to extend and give a “second” life to the furniture.

Other book variations

The classic version of the book sofa is described above, but now there are more advanced models on sale. This is a click-clack and a Eurobook.

The click-klyak is an almost traditional book, but has the ability to be installed reclining. However, its transformation mechanism is very unreliable. It unfolds in the same way as a regular book. There are no joints or height differences in the sleeping area.

The Eurobook has a roll-out part. That is, to unfold it, you need to move the seat forward and then lower the backrest down. A simple option that folds out easily and has such a simple mechanism that it is extremely difficult to disable it. It is considered very reliable and durable, usually lasting longer than an ordinary classic book. Even a child can lay it out.

Repair of the “sofa book” mechanism

Before starting repairs, you need to determine the extent and cause of the breakdown. As a rule, it is mainly the rivets of the guide strip that are bolted to the sofa frame that break here. They fly out completely or wear appears, leading to an increase in gaps.

For work we will need tools:

1. Drill or screwdriver
2. Rivets
3. Hammer
4. Anvil or any other massive stand

It is necessary to firmly fix the mechanism on the table surface, for example, using clamps. Using a drill, we drill out the broken rivet, starting with a small drill and gradually moving to the desired size.

To select the required drill diameter, the size of the rivet and its thickness, we measure it with a caliper. We insert it into the hole, with the cap down, and the part that will be riveted should face up.

If it is not possible to repair the mechanism using rivets, the bar can be secured using a bolt and nut.

Here it is very important to choose the right length so that the bolt does not rest against the frame from the inside, because cutting it off after installation will not be very convenient!

First stage of work: preparation

Making a frame for a book sofa
First, you need to build a frame.

Note! To make a laundry box you will need a board 1.9 meters long.

For the box you need to use a 50x40 mm beam, as well as two cross slats for reinforcement. A piece of fiberboard of the appropriate size is nailed to the bottom of the box.

Next, you need to build seats and backrests, for which you need to assemble two identical frames measuring 1.89 x 0.65 m. To make the frame structure more durable, you need to screw larger screws into it.

Repair of the accordion sofa mechanism

This design has a number of small details that affect the correct layout of the sofa. Naturally, repairs will have their own difficulties, but with the right approach this issue can be resolved.

The figure shows the main elements of the “accordion” (its most vulnerable parts), since they bear the main load.

After the expiration of operating time, some of them require, at best, repair, and at worst, replacement.

The rollers must be replaced . At home, you can change the polyurethane wheel base by choosing the desired size (height). Having drilled out the mounting axle, it can be replaced with a regular bolt with two nuts for better fixation of the wheel.

Beech slats, due to their rigidity and strength, are almost impossible to break, although there are exceptions to the rule. Mostly the fasteners that “hold” the lamella break.

The photo shows that the lamella insert is attached to the metal frame using rivets.

Specialized stores sell almost all furniture fittings, including the “pockets” we need.

To replace them we will need a drill with which we need to drill out the rivets. We check their width and thickness to ensure that there are no unnecessary gaps.

Riveting can be done using smaller or larger hammers or using a special rivet setting tool.

But the best option for installing the slat holder would be a regular bolt and nut.

How to fold a Eurobook sofa

When folded, this sofa is very compact. To fold it back, you need to do the same steps as when laying it out, but in reverse order:

1. Raise the backrest to an upright position.
2. Return the seat to its original place by sliding it inside the frame using the wheels.

Video: How a Eurobook sofa unfolds, how the folding mechanism works Eurobook sofas are quite durable and can withstand serious loads. But in order for them to last as long as possible, during operation you need to adhere to a number of rules:

1. A sofa with wooden elements should not be placed near a radiator. The minimum distance should be 50 cm.
2. Unfolding the Eurobook sofa should be done carefully, without sudden jerks and increased force.
3. If the floor is not perfectly level, try to adjust the legs so that the roll-out part slides out as smoothly as possible.
4. It is important to correct any malfunctions in a timely manner.

Eurobook sofas are quite popular among buyers. They are durable, convenient and easy to use thanks to a well-proven transformation mechanism.

Repair of the sofa mechanism “Click clack”

Today, the quality of operation of “Click Klyak” mechanisms leaves much to be desired. Manufacturers do not pay much attention to strength, counting on a large frame area (the larger the area, the more stable the product).

The body bends in places where the weight is localized, since it is made of sheet iron, and this breaks the transformation lock itself.

At home, making repairs can be very problematic; only complete replacement is possible.

In order for the mechanism to serve for a long time, it is necessary to lubricate the rubbing joints in a timely manner.

In the figure below they are shown by arrows.

A common cause of breakdown and rapid failure of the mechanism is incorrectly tightened fastening bolts between the wooden frame and the mechanism.

During operation, large gaps appear, which lead to distortions and wear.

Selection and use

When choosing a sofa, you need to pay attention to several aspects:

• ease of use and folding;
• the dimensions of the furniture, and it is important to take into account the parameters of the people who will sleep on it;
• color spectrum;
• price;
• the presence of the necessary additional structural elements - drawers, armrests, etc.;
• product quality.

Assembling a sofa book

Important! It is worth choosing furniture only from good manufacturers so that it is of high quality and lasts a long time. This is especially true for variations of a classic book. Cheap sofas usually do not have high quality mechanisms and break down quickly.

To keep the sofa book clean, you can purchase special covers or capes that cover it. Fortunately, stores sell a variety of bedspreads specifically for such models. It is also better to immediately place the sofa so that access to its side is convenient, otherwise it will be impossible to unfold it.

Sofa cover click-clack

It is important to know how the book mechanism works, otherwise, if you perform incorrect actions when unfolding, it can be damaged and ruined. First you need to move the backrest forward, and then raise the seat, the backrest will begin to fall. Next, you just need to lower it down, and the seat will move forward. That's it, the sofa is unfolded.

On a note! Some mechanisms, when unfolded, emit a characteristic click, which indicates that the mechanism structure is seated correctly.

Diagram of the book transformation mechanism (klya-klyak)

Warning

You should always remember that only a trained specialist with the necessary set of tools can carry out a major repair of the sofa folding mechanism. He will always be able to accurately determine and eliminate the cause of the breakdown at a high quality level.

Without the proper experience, such repairs can lead to even greater malfunctions, therefore, if a problem is discovered, very carefully study the cause of the breakdown of your favorite sofa, evaluate the complexity of the design and your strengths, and also, if you still decide to repair the sofa mechanisms yourself , approach the process itself very responsibly.

Source

Cot

There are several types of folding sofas. They have a common operating principle: inside the sofa there is a mechanism that unfolds like a regular folding bed. It is not recommended to use the folding sofa every day for several reasons:

• the mechanism cannot withstand daily stress;
• the sleeping place is hard and uncomfortable;
• the base of the bed rests on metal supports, so the bed cannot withstand heavy loads;
• there is not always a drawer for linen;
• when the sofa unfolds, the linoleum can be damaged.

The classification of folding sofas is limited to the following proposals: French, Italian, American. The principle of operation of all of them is very similar.

• 
  Brown sofa bed in the living room interior

When is repair needed?

Repair of the sofa mechanism most often becomes necessary when the latch fails. This happens due to old age, frequent and heavy loads, as well as manufacturing defects. You can detect the last reason almost immediately, because a faulty mechanism will be difficult to dismantle. In this situation, you can ask the store to replace the model or the mechanism itself. Nobody can repair the rest of the damage and you will have to deal with the problem yourself.

Roll-out

Judging by the way the name itself sounds, it becomes clear how the roll-out mechanism of the sofa works: you need to pull the visible part towards you so that the hidden part rolls out, which when unfolded becomes part of the sleeping place. This folding sofa is very simple, even for a child it will not be difficult to learn the principle of operation.

• Roll-out sofa in an unobtrusive checkered pattern

First steps during repair

If you don’t know how to repair a sofa with a similar problem, then you can look at photo and video information on the Internet. They should unfold easily, and if problems arise, they must be corrected immediately, otherwise later it may completely jam. To begin with, the sofa book needs to be disassembled to get to the mechanism itself.

Usually it is located on the side, so there should be no problems; basically, removing the armrests is enough.

Then you need to assess the scale of the problem. The mechanisms that can break down on their own are very simple, and if a problem arises, it immediately becomes visible even to an inexperienced person.

The moving parts must be tightly connected to each other. If one of them dangles, then this is no longer correct and perhaps it is because of it that the sofa does not fold out well.

You also need to check the springs. Over time, they weaken and sometimes they no longer hold the back so confidently. And of course, from use they can simply become loose, a foreign object can get into them, etc. If this is just the problem, then there is no need to disassemble anything, eliminate the problem and use your favorite sofa again.

You can easily find everything that needs to be replaced at any hardware store. If you decide to carry out the procedure yourself, then experts advise immediately changing the entire mechanism, and not its individual parts. This will avoid further damage and increase the service life of upholstered furniture for quite a long time. And in general, a complete replacement will take place much faster than a partial one.

What do you need to have for assembly?

Assembling a modern Eurobook sofa will not take much time if you prepare all the necessary tools in advance. It’s not a fact that you will need everything, but assembly schemes are different and therefore it is better to play it safe in advance and keep it on hand:

• scotch;
• construction stapler;
• adjustable wrench or wrench;
• screwdriver

There are many different videos on the Internet, as well as assembly diagrams that help you see the process live. Also, we all know that upholstered furniture is quite massive, so it is better not to start the process of assembling the mechanism alone, since in this case the help of a partner is practically necessary.

Assembly diagram for a Eurobook sofa

DIY sofa repair: fixing common problems

Repairing a sofa with your own hands is not as difficult as it seems at first glance. Even high-quality upholstered furniture becomes unusable after a while, because the springs are often deformed, and the wood frame can crack due to heavy loads. Yes, you can buy a new sofa, but such a purchase can significantly affect your budget. But don’t despair, because many damages can be corrected by repairing and reupholstering the sofa.

DIY sofa repair

Advantages and disadvantages

The advantages of the Eurobook include:

• simple design;
• little time to get into sleeping form;
• sofa capacity;
• reliability of design;
• durability;
• quality of finishing materials.

It has a convenient and reliable folding mechanism, aesthetic appearance and high technical characteristics.
Before you make a Eurobook sofa with your own hands, the drawings of which you will see below, you need to familiarize yourself with all the shortcomings of this design.

1. The main disadvantage of this design is the presence of wheels. They are necessary for the smooth unfolding of the moving part. Wheels can cause damage to the floor covering. To eliminate this drawback, it is necessary to select wheels with a soft coating (for example, silicone).
2. With constant unfolding, the mechanism becomes loose. This contributes to the deterioration of the quality of the upholstery due to excessive friction of the surfaces.
3. Tall people may experience discomfort due to the limited length of the side armrests.

Modern apartments cannot be imagined without folding sofas.
Their advantage is undeniable. Buying a Eurobook sofa is a good idea. All the disadvantages are completely covered by the advantages. But what if you make such a piece of furniture with your own hands? This will save money and make the product according to your own drawings, dimensions and design.

Sofa damage: the most common problems

Of course, it is always easier to buy a new product than to repair an old one. However, in case of some problems, it is still possible to restore the structure. We will look at the most common types of damage to sofas (they also apply to other upholstered furniture):

• the fabric has lost its appearance (this is a common problem if small children or pets live in the apartment) - in this situation, only replacement of the upholstery will be required;
• there are dips in the seats - such damage occurs as a result of wear of the foam rubber and other components of the soft part, and here these components will need to be replaced, and in some situations, repair or even replacement of the spring unit is required (at the same time, when the upholstery fabric itself has a normal appearance, then you can leave it);
• damage in the lower part of the seat - sometimes it happens that springs make a hole in parts of the sofa frame, and in such a situation you will have to replace parts of the plywood after disassembling the furniture;
• cracks in the longitudinal and transverse bars of the frame are the most difficult and unpleasant problem, due to which it will be necessary to completely disassemble the structure and replace these bars.

Over time, even the most expensive upholstered furniture may require repairs

Of course, after disassembly, it is necessary to carefully assess the damage and calculate the cost of repairing the sofa. They should be no more than 50% of the cost of a new product, because in other cases it will simply not be profitable to restore it.

What types of springs are there?

The spring block is one of the main “components” of the sofa, therefore, when it fails, there is an urgent need to replace it. In order to understand how to do this, it is necessary to understand in more detail the types of springs.

Table 2. Types of springs used in the manufacture of upholstered furniture

View, illustration	Description
This is the simplest version of the spring design, but at the same time it has good strength. This type of spring can be called budget, and its main disadvantage is that with frequent use the seat quickly sag.
	This is also a budget version of springs, which is also comfortable. Of the minuses, it is worth noting that over time the sofa begins to creak unpleasantly, therefore, even if one spring has become unusable, the block is often replaced.
Read also:  How to make a sofa with your own hands: diagrams, photos, drawings, dimensions + design ideas	The most reliable, comfortable and durable type of spring block. If we consider the most expensive option, then in the event of a breakdown it is possible to replace any part of the unit and continue using the sofa.

Sofa repair at home

Below we will look at the main problems that require repair work to restore the sofa.

Frame and transformation mechanism: step-by-step instructions

First of all, you need to check the condition of the sofa frame. To do this you will need to disassemble the structure.

Step one: you need to disassemble the sofa, remove its upholstery and filling. After that, you should carefully remove dirt and dust that accumulate inside the structure over time. In some designs, the transformation mechanism is attached to the seat and back, and in this case there is no need to remove the upholstery.

Step two: now you need to inspect the condition of the frame beams. They are often deformed due to various impacts. If they are cracked or broken, it will be necessary to prepare the bars exactly to the size of the structure and install them. A cracked beam can be fixed using a metal angle and screws. As you can see in the photo, a fairly large number of fasteners will be required for the grip to be reliable.

We connect the parts of the beam with a corner

Step three: in some cases it becomes necessary to replace the plywood part of the sofa. The damage occurs because the springs push through the thin plywood.

Any cracked pieces of plywood will need to be removed.

Now we need to cut out a piece of plywood exactly to the size of the damaged part (in this case we use a diameter of 4 millimeters)

We prepare small bars and make holes in them for self-tapping screws

Now, using self-tapping screws and wooden blocks, you will need to secure the plywood part

Repair of the transformation mechanism will differ depending on its type:

1. Book. A common problem with this mechanism is the breakage of the rivet on the guide bar. To make repairs, you must disassemble the structure, secure the mechanism with clamps, and then remove the rivet and replace it. If several parts become unusable at once, then the entire bar is replaced.
2. Accordion. There are many miniature parts in this system, so it will be very difficult to carry out repairs yourself. Most often it is necessary to change the roller or its wheel; the lamella fasteners also often become unusable, so they are replaced with purchased ones.
3. Click-clack. Damage to the housing occurs in the seat areas, causing the lock on the transformer to stop working. It cannot be restored, so you will need to install a new one.
4. Roll-out. In this model, rollers are usually replaced, because they are often made of low quality materials. This mainly applies to plastic products that rapidly deform under pressure.

Very often, budget versions of sofas are equipped with a roll-out mechanism

There are cases when the fittings of the transformation mechanism have not lost their original appearance, but the spring requires replacement. It usually becomes deformed when there is too much load on the sofa. If there are deformed parts in the design of the mechanism, they must be removed and replaced. Let's look at the repair process using a clear example.

Step one: remove the spring from the transformation mechanism.

The spring of the mechanism should be brought

Step two: now we need to disassemble the latch.

The disassembled latch looks like this:

Next, take the bolt and clamp it with a vice.

Now you can assemble the clamp

This is what the mechanism looks like after repair

Spring block repair: step-by-step instructions

During operation, it is the spring unit that often fails. It consists of twisted metal elements connected at the top and bottom. The first sign of a breakdown is a characteristic creak that can be heard when trying to sit on the sofa.

Important point! Restoration of the spring block is carried out by replacing the connecting parts.

Step one: in this case, you will have to remove the upholstery and all the soft part using a special tool called an anti-stapler.

Step two: now you need to determine the type of breakdown and fix it:

1. If the metal elements are disconnected from each other, they can be secured with wire. It is important to remember that the pointed parts of the wire will need to be bent inward.
2. If the entire spring block has become unusable, then there is simply no point in repairing it, because after a while it will begin to creak again. Therefore, in this case, all that remains is to purchase a new one.

You can connect broken springs together using wire or a spring. In this case, a dowel was used as additional reinforcement.

"Naked" spring block

If, during operation, creaking is observed only in a certain place of the structure, then it makes sense to secure the lining between the metal elements. Of course, this is just a temporary measure, so if possible, the block will still have to be replaced.

Video - Spring block repair

Replacing filling and upholstery: step-by-step instructions

Over time, not only the frame elements and springs become unusable, but also the soft part of the sofa, and then it will also need to be replaced. We tell you how to do it correctly.

Step one: we need to evaluate the appearance of the fabric that is placed under and on top of the spring block - this can be either felt or batting. Thanks to the presence of such a lining, the springs will not push through the foam rubber and rest against the plywood parts. When dismantling old structures, craftsmen in most cases see the following picture. The batting layer has become deformed and lost its original appearance, so it will not be possible to leave it. Once you have removed this material, it is recommended to vacuum the structure to remove any remaining dust.

Step two: First, material should be placed under the spring block. It is not necessary to buy a new piece of fabric for such purposes, because you can even take an old, clean blanket.

We lay the fabric under the springs, and then secure the block to the frame

Step three: now we also have to put material on top of the spring block. We will use felt for such purposes. If this is not available, you can use unnecessary carpeting.

It is advisable to roll it in two layers, then cut it exactly according to the design parameters. Now we need to attach this material to the springs using a thick needle and thread (some craftsmen use an awl in such cases). Between stitches you should leave a step of 35 centimeters.

Attaching the material to the spring block

Step four: now we have to lay down the foam. If the old one looks normal, then you can leave it. Replacing foam rubber involves performing the following steps:

1. You need to purchase filler about 40 centimeters thick. The better the quality of the foam, the faster it returns to its original shape when you press it, so it is advisable to choose an option with a dense structure.
2. Now you need to cut a piece of foam rubber to the size of the structure and attach it using a stapler and staples.

We carefully fix the foam rubber on our structure

Step five: now you need to put a padding polyester on top of the foam rubber; if necessary, it can be replaced with another soft material. As an alternative, you can use holofiber - this material is durable and has a long service life. The synthetic winterizer is also secured to the structure using brackets. At the same time, it is recommended to glue it to the foam rubber, because during use it can slip. Now the structure must be left for several hours until the glue has completely dried, and only then can you proceed to another stage.

Step six: we have to secure the upholstery fabric. You can use the old one if it looks normal. However, many craftsmen prefer to make new upholstery to update the sofa.

If you plan to use old upholstery, you will need to wash it.

At this stage we have to choose the material from which the upholstery will be made. To do this, we will look at the features of the most popular types.

Table 3. Types of upholstery

Photo	Description
Budget-friendly, natural material that is best suited for children's sofas. It is absolutely environmentally friendly and does not provoke allergic reactions. The only downside is that it has a short service life.
	This is a very durable, embossed material, but the main advantage is that it has excellent wear resistance and does not lose its original appearance even with active exposure to the sun. However, such upholstery is quite difficult to care for, and the material is quite expensive.
	This is a durable upholstery fabric that has been used since ancient times. It has good strength, but reacts negatively to ultraviolet rays, so this sofa can only be installed in a room where thick curtains hang.
	The best solution would be to choose genuine leather for the upholstery of the sofa, because it is the most durable upholstery option. The main advantage is that the upholstery does not require special care and serves faithfully for many years. However, many people prefer to use leatherette instead of genuine leather, which has a budget price and an equally attractive appearance.
	A material whose structure resembles velvet. It is very often used for upholstery of upholstered furniture, because it is environmentally friendly and does not require special care.
	A soft material that has gained particular popularity in recent years. It has good wear resistance, does not stretch and retains its bright color for a long time.

To cut out new upholstery, you need to remove the old covers, rip them apart at the seams, and then iron them, after which new upholstery should be made from them

Now we have to secure the upholstery on the sofa using a stapler. The fabric should be slightly stretched.

In order to preserve the upholstery of the sofa, it is recommended to sew a set of removable covers - they can be removed and washed at any time

Features of the mechanism

The “book” transformation mechanism sets 2 positions: a sitting sofa and a sofa for sleeping. The sofa can be transformed into a sleeping position by tilting the backrest. During the unfolding process, you will not need to move the sofa away from the wall if you initially install it at a certain distance from the wall, because the structure of the sofa assumes the presence of unoccupied space between the wall and the back of the sofa.

Installing furniture in its original position is carried out in a similar way. The seat again rises until it clicks, then moves to its normal position.

The parts of the sofa with the “book” transformation mechanism are 2 metal or wooden supporting structures with fixed spring units or other soft filling. Below there is often a compartment for storing bedding. To prevent the device from jamming and the supporting structure from warping, centering rollers are used. They also save time and effort because they allow you to extend the seat without lifting it. There are several options for the “book”: “Eurobook” and “click-click”. “Click-clack” is practical in that it can be practiced in 3 positions: sitting, semi-sitting and lying down.

Advantages:

• a strong, reliable device that has stood the test of time, the diagram of which you will see below;
• Suitable for frequent use and organizing a place to sleep.

Minuses:

• The furniture can be folded out exclusively in 2 positions - sitting and lying. When transforming in the area where the folding elements are joined, it is likely that a bulge or depression will appear, which will adversely affect the comfort of sleep;
• the “book” cannot be installed close to the wall, since the unfolding mechanism requires free space between the wall and the back;
• women and children are sometimes unable to cope with the transformation mechanism;
• the elements of the transformation mechanism are quite thin and if there are errors in assembly, as well as non-compliance with recommendations for unfolding and folding the structure, they easily bend, jam and fail; in addition, the mechanism requires periodic lubrication with technical oil.

Common mistakes that experts make

In order to reupholster a sofa efficiently, you need to take into account some mistakes that are most often encountered during the work process:

1. Inaccurate cutting. That is why it is recommended to make cuttings using old upholstery. If it is missing, then it is necessary to carefully take measurements from the structure.
2. No processing of wooden elements. If the wooden beams of the frame are replaced, they will need to be pre-dried and treated with an antiseptic, otherwise after a while they will begin to rot.
3. No additional fastenings. All installed wooden parts must be reinforced with metal corners.
4. The distance between brackets is too large. Upholstery fabric should be secured to the structure with staples every 20 millimeters.

Let's sum it up

With some effort, you can make repairs yourself and update the upholstery of the sofa, so you don’t have to buy new upholstered furniture. The most important thing is to replace all parts of the structure that have become unusable, following the instructions, and after high-quality repairs, the sofa will last for many years.

Lately, you can often see homemade interior items made from pallets when visiting someone. These are structures used to transport goods. It turns out that it is not so difficult to make a sofa from pallets (pallets) with your own hands, and in terms of its quality it can be even better than what you can buy in a store.

What are the mistakes when assembling a sofa?

All errors when assembling the sofa are caused by inaccurate measurements or incorrect parts template.

Be careful and precise in connections and fasteners.

They can lead to the functionality of the sofa being impaired and it looking inappropriate. To prevent such troubles, you need to take into account a number of rules:

• the frame for the armrests should be shorter in size than the fiberboard;
• in the state of the product fastened with the help of a transformation element, there should be a gap of 10 mm between the back and the seat;
• When folded, the seat should not protrude beyond the armrests.

Due to its practicality, the book model is very popular among consumers. Its simple design allows you to think about making the product yourself. Strict execution of the instruction algorithm and accurate measurements are a guarantee that the piece of furniture will not differ from the store item.